According to statistics, more than 75% of men over 40-45 years old have prostate diseases. The vigorous circulation of lymph and blood in the vessels of the small pelvis often causes swelling and obstruction of the organ. In addition, the prostate is innately good, so symptoms of the disease in men include severe pain.
What is the prostate?
The prostate or prostate gland is a male reproductive organ, part of the reproductive system. It is located in the small pelvis, below the bladder, covering part of the urethra and vas deferens. The prostate gland consists of two lobes and an isthmus connecting them. In addition, the top, root, anterior and posterior parts are distinguished in the organ. The prostate gland is shaped like a chestnut, elastic, composed of glandular and muscle cells. The prostate gland performs three main functions:
- Engine. The muscle cells of the prostate form a sphincter in the urethra to hold urine.
- Secretary. The gland secretes a special secretion that gives sperm motility, liquefying sperm.
- Fence. Prevent the spread of infection from the urethra.
Prostate disease in men
Pathologies, as a rule, are associated with organ damage caused by pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, obstruction or tumors (both malignant and benign). >Among the diseases of the prostate are the following:
- inflammation (prostatitis);
- benign hyperplasia of the gland (adenoma);
- malignant tumor (cancerous);
- cysts;
- prostate abscess.
Many factors create an environment and favorable conditions for the entry and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms (fungi, viruses, bacteria) that can cause the development of pathology and signs of gland inflammation. prostate in men. In addition, they can cause the development of benign or malignant tumors. Adverse factors include:
- Malnutrition;
- vitamin deficiency;
- venereal diseases;
- hypothermia of the body;
- lower blood pressure;
- long-term antibiotic treatment;
- stagnation of blood in the pelvis;
- bad habits;
- endocrine pathology;
- pathology of the reproductive system;
- cancer in history;
- prolonged fatigue.
Symptoms of prostate disease in men
Signs of prostate disruption depend on the etiology, localization and nature of pathological processes. As a rule, patients complain of weakness, decreased performance, general fatigue and irritability. In addition, symptoms of prostatitis and prostate tumors in men, stones or abscesses may manifest as follows:
- violation of urination;
- erectile dysfunction;
- dry;
- pain, burning in the urethra;
- increased temperature;
- chills;
- painful intercourse;
- lack of ejaculation;
- pain in the perineum with sudden movements;
- unpleasant discharge from the urethra.
prostatitis
Prostatitis, an inflammation of the prostate gland, is one of the most common diseases of the male genital area. The main cause of the pathology is considered a violation of blood circulation in the pelvis, which leads to a sharp increase in the proportions of the organ and edema. Prostatitis symptoms depend on the type of disease. There are several types of pathology:
- Acute inflammation. Caused by pathogenic bacteria (eg, E. coli or enterobacteria). Acute prostatitis is manifested by pain and burning in the urethra, difficulty urinating: urine is difficult to excrete, sometimes drop by drop. Some patients report an increased temperature.
- Chronic inflammation caused by bacteria. As a rule, it is caused by sexual infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, etc. ). Symptoms of chronic prostatitis may be mild or absent. Among the characteristic signs, sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation), dysuria (mainly nocturia) and mucus discharge from the urethra are noted.
- Chronic inflammation is not caused by bacteria. The disease develops due to inflammatory processes in other organs (pyelonephritis, cystitis), blood stagnation, heart failure, hypothermia. Such prostatitis often has one symptom - difficulty urinating. Most often, the result of pathology is a violation of the kidneys, discomfort in the lower back.
brown planthopper
A disease of the prostate gland characterized by benign tissue growth and the formation of nodules that gradually compress the urethra and vas deferens and bladder. Hyperplasia can lead to a violation of the concentration of hormones in the blood. Signs of prostate cancer in men vary depending on the stage of the disease:
- indemnify. As a rule, at this stage, men do not notice specific symptoms. Sometimes there is a feeling of wanting to urinate at night.
- offset. The main symptom is a feeling of heaviness in the bladder, incomplete emptying. Fluid during urination is difficult to pass, the patient complains of difficulty ejaculating.
- Loss of compensation. It is characterized by a significant decrease in the volume of the bladder muscles and their tone. In addition, adenomas develop chronic fatigue, pain, and cramping when trying to urinate. In the absence of treatment, the tumor grows, the pain intensity increases markedly, bowel movements can be disturbed due to rectal compression.
Prostate tumor is considered a precancerous disease, therefore, when this tissue growth is detected, a biopsy is needed to detect atypical cells and ultrasound (ultrasound) to study the limbs. structure of the organ. Glandular hyperplasia usually progresses slowly, allowing prompt diagnosis and treatment.
cysts
A pathological cavity with fluid or a cyst of the prostate develops under the influence of the inflammatory process of the gland, in which the excretory ducts of the organ are pinched and the outflow of secretions is disturbed. Pathology can be provoked by constant stress, nervous tension, chronic diseases and tumors of neighboring organs, hardening of the prostate tissue. Signs of cyst formation are:
- burning in the urethra;
- expand the size of the gland;
- decreased sex drive;
- increased body temperature;
- feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- reproductive dysfunction.
stone
Stone formation in the prostate occurs due to a sedentary lifestyle, trauma to the groin area, inflammatory diseases of the organ. Gradually increasing in size, stones violate the integrity of the ducts of the gland, urine begins to penetrate the prostate tissue. Stones, as a rule, consist of phosphates, salts of uric and oxalic acids, proteins and the epithelium of the ducts. The main signs of the disease include:
- weak erection;
- pain when urinating;
- frequent exacerbations of inflammation;
- pain during ejaculation;
- sealing in the gland and pain when it is probed.
Cancer
A malignant tumor that develops from the secretory epithelium of the prostate is called cancerous or carcinoma. The inflammatory process precedes tumor growth. The risk group includes men over 40 who abuse alcohol and smoke. Symptoms of cancerous lesions of the prostate gland are non-specific and are manifested by a violation of the organ's functioning. In the early stages, the disease often has no obvious symptoms. With the growth of the tumor, the following symptoms develop:
- hematuria;
- painful urination;
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- be swelled the leg;
- seat violation;
- impotence.
abscess
An inflammatory disease, accompanied by a purulent fusion of tissues, is called an abscess. Such a process develops due to the transfer of pathogenic bacteria from the main focus of infection to the prostate gland through the bloodstream. For a long time, an abscess may be asymptomatic. The main signs of the presence of a fovea in the tissues of the prostate gland are: >
- fever and fever;
- pain during sex, urination;
- excretion of fetal pus in the urine (when the abscess ruptures).
The formation of pus in the prostate is diagnosed with the help of instrumental and laboratory studies. In blood tests, an increase in the number of leukocytes, an increase in the value of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is noted. In the study of urine, leukocytes and pathogenic microflora are detected. Rectal palpation revealed the presence of a circular shape.
The main treatment methods of the prostate
Pathological treatments depend on the specific disease, the stage of the course, and the severity. Therapy for prostate diseases is selected individually, depending on the age of the patient, the results of tests, instrumental studies, the presence of concomitant pathologies. Get acquainted with the basic principles in the treatment of prostate diseases:
Sick |
Treatments |
|---|---|
prostatitis |
|
adenoma |
|
cysts |
|
stone |
|
Cancer |
|
abscess |
|
Prevent
To prevent the development of prostate diseases, you should adhere to the principles of a healthy lifestyle. Reduce your risk of prostate disease by following these recommendations:
- Stick to a balanced diet.
- Exercise regularly.
- Take multivitamin complexes, immunomodulatory drugs.
- Limit alcohol, smoking and drugs.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- See a doctor as soon as symptoms appear.